<?php
// VERSION DoubleMetaphone Class 1.01
//
// DESCRIPTION
// 
//   This class implements a "sounds like" algorithm developed
//   by Lawrence Philips which he published in the June, 2000 issue
//   of C/C++ Users Journal.  Double Metaphone is an improved
//   version of Philips' original Metaphone algorithm.
// 
// COPYRIGHT
// 
//   Copyright 2001, Stephen Woodbridge <woodbri@swoodbridge.com>
//   All rights reserved.
//
//   http://swoodbridge.com/DoubleMetaPhone/
//
//   This PHP translation is based heavily on the C implementation
//   by Maurice Aubrey <maurice@hevanet.com>, which in turn  
//   is based heavily on the C++ implementation by
//   Lawrence Philips and incorporates several bug fixes courtesy
//   of Kevin Atkinson <kevina@users.sourceforge.net>.
// 
//   This module is free software; you may redistribute it and/or
//   modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
// 
// CONTRIBUTIONS
//
//   17-May-2002 Geoff Caplan  http://www.advantae.com
//     Bug fix: added code to return class object which I forgot to do
//     Created a functional callable version instead of the class version
//     which is faster if you are calling this a lot.
//
// ------------------------------------------------------------------

class DoubleMetaPhone
{
//  properties

   public $original  = "";
   public $primary   = "";
   public $secondary = "";
   public $length    =  0;
   public $last      =  0;
   public $current   =  0;

//  methods

  // Public method
  
  public function __construct($string) {
  	
   $this->primary   = "";
   $this->secondary = "";
   $this->current   =  0;
  	
    $this->current  = 0;
    $this->length   = strlen($string);
    $this->last     = $this->length - 1;
    $this->original = $string . "     ";

    $this->original = strtoupper($this->original);

    // skip this at beginning of word
    if ($this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 2, 
                        array('GN', 'KN', 'PN', 'WR', 'PS')))
      $this->current++;

    // Initial 'X' is pronounced 'Z' e.g. 'Xavier'
    if (substr($this->original, 0, 1) == 'X') {
      $this->primary   .= "S";   // 'Z' maps to 'S'
      $this->secondary .= "S";
      $this->current++;
    }

    // main loop

    while (strlen($this->primary) < 4 || strlen($this->secondary) < 4) {
      if ($this->current >= $this->length)
        break;

      switch (substr($this->original, $this->current, 1)) {
        case 'A':
        case 'E':
        case 'I':
        case 'O':
        case 'U':
        case 'Y':
          if ($this->current == 0) {
            // all init vowels now map to 'A'
            $this->primary   .= 'A';
            $this->secondary .= 'A';
          }
          $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'B':
          // '-mb', e.g. "dumb", already skipped over ...
          $this->primary   .= 'P';
          $this->secondary .= 'P';

          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'B')
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'Į':
          $this->primary   .= 'S';
          $this->secondary .= 'S';
          $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'C':
          // various gremanic
          if (($this->current > 1) 
              && !$this->IsVowel($this->original, $this->current - 2)
              && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 3, 
                        array("ACH"))
              && ((substr($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1) != 'I')
                  && ((substr($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1) != 'E')
                      || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 2, 6, 
                                array("BACHER", "MACHER"))))) {

            $this->primary   .= 'K';
            $this->secondary .= 'K';
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // special case 'caesar'
          if (($this->current == 0) 
              && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 6, 
                         array("CAESAR"))) {
            $this->primary   .= 'S';
            $this->secondary .= 'S';
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // italian 'chianti'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 4, 
                         array("CHIA"))) {
            $this->primary   .= 'K';
            $this->secondary .= 'K';
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2, 
                         array("CH"))) {

            // find 'michael'
            if (($this->current > 0)
                && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 4, 
                         array("CHAE"))) {
              $this->primary   .= 'K';
              $this->secondary .= 'X';
              $this->current += 2;
              break;
            }

            // greek roots e.g. 'chemistry', 'chorus'
            if (($this->current == 0)
                && ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 5, 
                         array("HARAC", "HARIS"))
                    || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 3, 
                              array("HOR", "HYM", "HIA", "HEM")))
                && !$this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 5, array("CHORE"))) {
              $this->primary   .= 'K';
              $this->secondary .= 'K';
              $this->current += 2;
              break;
            }

            // germanic, greek, or otherwise 'ch' for 'kh' sound
            if (($this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 4, array("VAN ", "VON "))
                 || $this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 3, array("SCH")))
                // 'architect' but not 'arch', orchestra', 'orchid'
                || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 2, 6, 
                         array("ORCHES", "ARCHIT", "ORCHID"))
                || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1, 
                         array("T", "S"))
                || (($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 1, 
                         array("A","O","U","E"))
                     || ($this->current == 0))
                    // e.g. 'wachtler', 'weschsler', but not 'tichner'
                    && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1, 
                         array("L","R","N","M","B","H","F","V","W"," ")))) {
              $this->primary   .= 'K';
              $this->secondary .= 'K';
            } else {
              if ($this->current > 0) {
                if ($this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 2, array("MC"))) {
                  // e.g. 'McHugh'
                  $this->primary   .= 'K';
                  $this->secondary .= 'K';
                } else {
                  $this->primary   .= 'X';
                  $this->secondary .= 'K';
                }
              } else {
                $this->primary   .= 'X';
                $this->secondary .= 'X';
              }
            }
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // e.g. 'czerny'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2, array("CZ"))
              && !$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current -2, 4, 
                         array("WICZ"))) {
            $this->primary   .= 'S';
            $this->secondary .= 'X';
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // e.g. 'focaccia'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 3, 
                     array("CIA"))) {
            $this->primary   .= 'X';
            $this->secondary .= 'X';
            $this->current += 3;
            break;
          }

          // double 'C', but not McClellan'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2, array("CC"))
              && !(($this->current == 1) 
                   && (substr($this->original, 0, 1) == 'M'))) {
            // 'bellocchio' but not 'bacchus'
            if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1,
                       array("I","E","H"))
                && !$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 2,
                          array("HU"))) {
              // 'accident', 'accede', 'succeed'
              if ((($this->current == 1)
                   && (substr($this->original, $this->current - 1, 1) == 'A'))
                  || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 5,
                            array("UCCEE", "UCCES"))) {
                $this->primary   .= "KS";
                $this->secondary .= "KS";
                // 'bacci', 'bertucci', other italian
              } else {
                $this->primary   .= "X";
                $this->secondary .= "X";
              }
              $this->current += 3;
              break;
            } else {
              // Pierce's rule
              $this->primary   .= "K";
              $this->secondary .= "K";
              $this->current += 2;
              break;
            }
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2,
                     array("CK","CG","CQ"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "K";
            $this->secondary .= "K";
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2,
                     array("CI","CE","CY"))) {
            // italian vs. english
            if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 3,
                       array("CIO","CIE","CIA"))) {
              $this->primary   .= "S";
              $this->secondary .= "X";
            } else {
              $this->primary   .= "S";
              $this->secondary .= "S";
            }
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // else
          $this->primary   .= "K";
          $this->secondary .= "K";

          // name sent in 'mac caffrey', 'mac gregor'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 2,
                     array(" C"," Q"," G"))) {
            $this->current += 3;
          } else {
            if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                       array("C","K","Q"))
                && !$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 2,
                           array("CE","CI"))) {
              $this->current += 2;
            } else {
              $this->current += 1;
            }
          }
          break;

        case 'D':
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2,
                     array("DG"))) {
            if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1,
                       array("I","E","Y"))) {
              // e.g. 'edge'
              $this->primary   .= "J";
              $this->secondary .= "J";
              $this->current += 3;
              break;
            } else {
              // e.g. 'edgar'
              $this->primary   .= "TK";
              $this->secondary .= "TK";
              $this->current += 2;
              break;
            }
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2,
                     array("DT","DD"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "T";
            $this->secondary .= "T";
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // else
          $this->primary   .= "T";
          $this->secondary .= "T";
          $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'F':
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'F')
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "F";
          $this->secondary .= "F";
          break;

        case 'G':
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'H') {
            if (($this->current > 0) 
                && !$this->IsVowel($this->original, $this->current - 1)) {
              $this->primary   .= "K";
              $this->secondary .= "K";
              $this->current += 2;
              break;
            }

            if ($this->current < 3) {
              // 'ghislane', 'ghiradelli'
              if ($this->current == 0) {
                if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1) == 'I') {
                  $this->primary   .= "J";
                  $this->secondary .= "J";
                } else {
                  $this->primary   .= "K";
                  $this->secondary .= "K";
                }
                $this->current += 2;
                break;
              }
            }

            // Parker's rule (with some further refinements) - e.g. 'hugh'
            if ((($this->current > 1)
                 && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 2, 1,
                           array("B","H","D")))
                // e.g. 'bough'
                || (($this->current > 2)
                    &&  $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 3, 1,
                               array("B","H","D")))
                // e.g. 'broughton'
                || (($this->current > 3)
                    && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 4, 1,
                               array("B","H")))) {
              $this->current += 2;
              break;
            } else {
              // e.g. 'laugh', 'McLaughlin', 'cough', 'gough', 'rough', 'tough'
              if (($this->current > 2)
                  && (substr($this->original, $this->current - 1, 1) == 'U')
                  && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 3, 1,
                            array("C","G","L","R","T"))) {
                $this->primary   .= "F";
                $this->secondary .= "F";
              } elseif (($this->current > 0)
                        && substr($this->original, $this->current - 1, 1) != 'I') {
                $this->primary   .= "K";
                $this->secondary .= "K";
              }
              $this->current += 2;
              break;
            }
          }

          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'N') {
            if (($this->current == 1) && $this->IsVowel($this->original, 0)
                && !$this->SlavoGermanic($this->original)) {
              $this->primary   .= "KN";
              $this->secondary .= "N";
            } else {
              // not e.g. 'cagney'
              if (!$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 2,
                          array("EY"))
                  && (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1) != "Y")
                  && !$this->SlavoGermanic($this->original)) {
                 $this->primary   .= "N";
                 $this->secondary .= "KN";
              } else {
                 $this->primary   .= "KN";
                 $this->secondary .= "KN";
              }
            }
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // 'tagliaro'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 2,
                     array("LI"))
              && !$this->SlavoGermanic($this->original)) {
            $this->primary   .= "KL";
            $this->secondary .= "L";
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // -ges-, -gep-, -gel- at beginning
          if (($this->current == 0)
              && ((substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'Y')
                  || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 2,
                            array("ES","EP","EB","EL","EY","IB","IL","IN","IE",
                                  "EI","ER")))) {
            $this->primary   .= "K";
            $this->secondary .= "J";
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // -ger-, -gy-
          if (($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 2,
                      array("ER"))
               || (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'Y'))
              && !$this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 6,
                         array("DANGER","RANGER","MANGER"))
              && !$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current -1, 1,
                         array("E", "I"))
              && !$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current -1, 3,
                         array("RGY","OGY"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "K";
            $this->secondary .= "J";
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // italian e.g. 'biaggi'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                     array("E","I","Y"))
              || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current -1, 4,
                        array("AGGI","OGGI"))) {
            // obvious germanic
            if (($this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 4, array("VAN ", "VON "))
                 || $this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 3, array("SCH")))
                || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 2,
                          array("ET"))) {
              $this->primary   .= "K";
              $this->secondary .= "K";
            } else {
              // always soft if french ending
              if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 4,
                         array("IER "))) {
                $this->primary   .= "J";
                $this->secondary .= "J";
              } else {
                $this->primary   .= "J";
                $this->secondary .= "K";
              }
            }
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          if (substr($this->original, $this->current +1, 1) == 'G')
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;

          $this->primary   .= 'K';
          $this->secondary .= 'K';
          break;

        case 'H':
          // only keep if first & before vowel or btw. 2 vowels
          if ((($this->current == 0) || 
               $this->IsVowel($this->original, $this->current - 1))
              && $this->IsVowel($this->original, $this->current + 1)) {
            $this->primary   .= 'H';
            $this->secondary .= 'H';
            $this->current += 2;
          } else
            $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'J':
          // obvious spanish, 'jose', 'san jacinto'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 4,
                     array("JOSE"))
              || $this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 4, array("SAN "))) {
            if ((($this->current == 0)
                 && (substr($this->original, $this->current + 4, 1) == ' '))
                || $this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 4, array("SAN "))) {
              $this->primary   .= 'H';
              $this->secondary .= 'H';
            } else {
              $this->primary   .= "J";
              $this->secondary .= 'H';
            }
            $this->current += 1;
            break;
          }

          if (($this->current == 0)
              && !$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 4,
                     array("JOSE"))) {
            $this->primary   .= 'J';  // Yankelovich/Jankelowicz
            $this->secondary .= 'A';
          } else {
            // spanish pron. of .e.g. 'bajador'
            if ($this->IsVowel($this->original, $this->current - 1)
                && !$this->SlavoGermanic($this->original)
                && ((substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'A')
                    || (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'O'))) {
              $this->primary   .= "J";
              $this->secondary .= "H";
            } else {
              if ($this->current == $this->last) {
                $this->primary   .= "J";
                $this->secondary .= "";
              } else {
                if (!$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                            array("L","T","K","S","N","M","B","Z"))
                    && !$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 1,
                               array("S","K","L"))) {
                  $this->primary   .= "J";
                  $this->secondary .= "J";
                }
              }
            }
          }

          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'J') // it could happen
            $this->current += 2;
          else 
            $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'K':
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'K')
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "K";
          $this->secondary .= "K";
          break;

        case 'L':
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'L') {
            // spanish e.g. 'cabrillo', 'gallegos'
            if ((($this->current == ($this->length - 3))
                 && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 4,
                           array("ILLO","ILLA","ALLE")))
                || (($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->last-1, 2,
                            array("AS","OS"))
                  || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->last, 1,
                            array("A","O")))
                 && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 4,
                           array("ALLE")))) {
              $this->primary   .= "L";
              $this->secondary .= "";
              $this->current += 2;
              break;
            }
            $this->current += 2;
          } else 
            $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "L";
          $this->secondary .= "L";
          break;

        case 'M':
          if (($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 3,
                     array("UMB"))
               && ((($this->current + 1) == $this->last)
                   || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 2,
                            array("ER"))))
              // 'dumb', 'thumb'
              || (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'M')) {
              $this->current += 2;
          } else {
              $this->current += 1;
          }
          $this->primary   .= "M";
          $this->secondary .= "M";
          break;

        case 'N':
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'N') 
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "N";
          $this->secondary .= "N";
          break;

        case 'Ņ':
          $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "N";
          $this->secondary .= "N";
          break;

        case 'P':
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'H') {
            $this->current += 2;
            $this->primary   .= "F";
            $this->secondary .= "F";
            break;
          }

          // also account for "campbell" and "raspberry"
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                     array("P","B")))
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "P";
          $this->secondary .= "P";
          break;

        case 'Q':
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'Q') 
            $this->current += 2;
          else 
            $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "K";
          $this->secondary .= "K";
          break;

        case 'R':
          // french e.g. 'rogier', but exclude 'hochmeier'
          if (($this->current == $this->last)
              && !$this->SlavoGermanic($this->original)
              && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 2, 2,
                        array("IE"))
              && !$this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 4, 2,
                         array("ME","MA"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "";
            $this->secondary .= "R";
          } else {
            $this->primary   .= "R";
            $this->secondary .= "R";
          }
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'R') 
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'S':
          // special cases 'island', 'isle', 'carlisle', 'carlysle'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 3,
                     array("ISL","YSL"))) {
            $this->current += 1;
            break;
          }

          // special case 'sugar-'
          if (($this->current == 0)
              && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 5,
                        array("SUGAR"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "X";
            $this->secondary .= "S";
            $this->current += 1;
            break;
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2,
                     array("SH"))) {
            // germanic
            if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 4,
                       array("HEIM","HOEK","HOLM","HOLZ"))) {
              $this->primary   .= "S";
              $this->secondary .= "S";
            } else {
              $this->primary   .= "X";
              $this->secondary .= "X";
            }
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          // italian & armenian 
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 3,
                     array("SIO","SIA"))
              || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 4,
                        array("SIAN"))) {
            if (!$this->SlavoGermanic($this->original)) {
              $this->primary   .= "S";
              $this->secondary .= "X";
            } else {
              $this->primary   .= "S";
              $this->secondary .= "S";
            }
            $this->current += 3;
            break;
          }

          // german & anglicisations, e.g. 'smith' match 'schmidt', 'snider' match 'schneider'
          // also, -sz- in slavic language altho in hungarian it is pronounced 's'
          if ((($this->current == 0)
               && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                         array("M","N","L","W")))
              || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                        array("Z"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "S";
            $this->secondary .= "X";
            if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                        array("Z")))
              $this->current += 2;
            else
              $this->current += 1;
            break;
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2,
                     array("SC"))) {
            // Schlesinger's rule 
            if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1) == 'H')
              // dutch origin, e.g. 'school', 'schooner'
              if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 3, 2,
                         array("OO","ER","EN","UY","ED","EM"))) {
                // 'schermerhorn', 'schenker' 
                if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 3, 2,
                           array("ER","EN"))) {
                  $this->primary   .= "X";
                  $this->secondary .= "SK";
                } else {
                  $this->primary   .= "SK";
                  $this->secondary .= "SK";
                }
                $this->current += 3;
                break;
              } else {
                if (($this->current == 0) 
                    && !$this->IsVowel($this->original, 3)
                    && (substr($this->original, $this->current + 3, 1) != 'W')) {
                  $this->primary   .= "X";
                  $this->secondary .= "S";
                } else {
                  $this->primary   .= "X";
                  $this->secondary .= "X";
                }
                $this->current += 3;
                break;
              }

              if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 1,
                         array("I","E","Y"))) {
                $this->primary   .= "S";
                $this->secondary .= "S";
                $this->current += 3;
                break;
              }

            // else
            $this->primary   .= "SK";
            $this->secondary .= "SK";
            $this->current += 3;
            break;
          }

          // french e.g. 'resnais', 'artois'
          if (($this->current == $this->last)
              && $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 2, 2,
                        array("AI","OI"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "";
            $this->secondary .= "S";
          } else {
            $this->primary   .= "S";
            $this->secondary .= "S";
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                     array("S","Z")))
            $this->current += 2;
          else 
            $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'T':
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 4,
                     array("TION"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "X";
            $this->secondary .= "X";
            $this->current += 3;
            break;
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 3,
                     array("TIA","TCH"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "X";
            $this->secondary .= "X";
            $this->current += 3;
            break;
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2,
                     array("TH"))
              || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 3,
                            array("TTH"))) {
            // special case 'thomas', 'thames' or germanic
            if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 2, 2,
                       array("OM","AM"))
                || $this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 4, array("VAN ","VON "))
                || $this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 3, array("SCH"))) {
              $this->primary   .= "T";
              $this->secondary .= "T";
            } else {
              $this->primary   .= "0";
              $this->secondary .= "T";
            }
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                     array("T","D")))
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "T";
          $this->secondary .= "T";
          break;

        case 'V':
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'V')
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          $this->primary   .= "F";
          $this->secondary .= "F";
          break;

        case 'W':
          // can also be in middle of word
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2, array("WR"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "R";
            $this->secondary .= "R";
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          }

          if (($this->current == 0)
              && ($this->IsVowel($this->original, $this->current + 1)
                  || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 2, 
                            array("WH")))) {
            // Wasserman should match Vasserman 
            if ($this->IsVowel($this->original, $this->current + 1)) {
              $this->primary   .= "A";
              $this->secondary .= "F";
            } else {
              // need Uomo to match Womo 
              $this->primary   .= "A";
              $this->secondary .= "A";
            }
          }

          // Arnow should match Arnoff
          if ((($this->current == $this->last) 
                && $this->IsVowel($this->original, $this->current - 1))
              || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 1, 5,
                        array("EWSKI","EWSKY","OWSKI","OWSKY"))
              || $this->StringAt($this->original, 0, 3, array("SCH"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "";
            $this->secondary .= "F";
            $this->current += 1;
            break;
          }

          // polish e.g. 'filipowicz'
          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current, 4,
                     array("WICZ","WITZ"))) {
            $this->primary   .= "TS";
            $this->secondary .= "FX";
            $this->current += 4;
            break;
          }

          // else skip it
          $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'X':
          // french e.g. breaux 
          if (!(($this->current == $this->last)
                && ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 3, 3,
                           array("IAU", "EAU"))
                 || $this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current - 2, 2,
                           array("AU", "OU"))))) {
            $this->primary   .= "KS";
            $this->secondary .= "KS";
          }

          if ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1,
                     array("C","X")))
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          break;

        case 'Z':
          // chinese pinyin e.g. 'zhao' 
          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == "H") {
            $this->primary   .= "J";
            $this->secondary .= "J";
            $this->current += 2;
            break;
          } elseif ($this->StringAt($this->original, $this->current + 1, 2,
                           array("ZO", "ZI", "ZA"))
                    || ($this->SlavoGermanic($this->original)
                        && (($this->current > 0)
                            && substr($this->original, $this->current - 1, 1) != 'T'))) {
            $this->primary   .= "S";
            $this->secondary .= "TS";
          } else {
            $this->primary   .= "S";
            $this->secondary .= "S";
          }

          if (substr($this->original, $this->current + 1, 1) == 'Z')
            $this->current += 2;
          else
            $this->current += 1;
          break;

        default:
          $this->current += 1;

      } // end switch

    // printf("<br>ORIGINAL:    '%s'\n", $this->original);
    // printf("<br>current:    '%s'\n", $this->current);
    // printf("<br>  PRIMARY:   '%s'\n", $this->primary);
    // printf("<br>  SECONDARY: '%s'\n", $this->secondary);

    } // end while

    $this->primary   = substr($this->primary,   0, 4);
    $this->secondary = substr($this->secondary, 0, 4);
    
    $result["primary"] = $this->primary ;
    $result["secondary"] = $this->secondary ;
    
    return $result ;

  } // end of function MetaPhone
  
  
  // Private methods
  
  public function StringAt($string, $start, $length, $list) {
    if (($start <0) || ($start >= strlen($string)))
      return 0;

    for ($i=0; $i<count($list); $i++) {
      if ($list[$i] == substr($string, $start, $length))
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
  }

  public function IsVowel($string, $pos) {
    return preg_match("#[AEIOUY]#", substr($string, $pos, 1));
  }

  public function SlavoGermanic($string) {
    return preg_match("#W|K|CZ|WITZ#", $string);     
  }
} // end of class MetaPhone