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7 Updating Existing PO Files

7.1 Invoking the msgmerge Program

msgmerge [option] def.po ref.pot

The msgmerge program merges two Uniforum style .po files together. The def.po file is an existing PO file with translations which will be taken over to the newly created file as long as they still match; comments will be preserved, but extracted comments and file positions will be discarded. The ref.pot file is the last created PO file with up-to-date source references but old translations, or a PO Template file (generally created by xgettext); any translations or comments in the file will be discarded, however dot comments and file positions will be preserved. Where an exact match cannot be found, fuzzy matching is used to produce better results.

7.1.1 Input file location

def.po’
Translations referring to old sources.
ref.pot’
References to the new sources.
‘-D directory
‘--directory=directory
Add directory to the list of directories. Source files are searched relative to this list of directories. The resulting ‘.po’ file will be written relative to the current directory, though.
‘-C file
‘--compendium=file
Specify an additional library of message translations. See section 8.4 Using Translation Compendia. This option may be specified more than once.

7.1.2 Operation mode

‘-U’
‘--update’
Update def.po. Do nothing if def.po is already up to date.

7.1.3 Output file location

‘-o file
‘--output-file=file
Write output to specified file.

The results are written to standard output if no output file is specified or if it is ‘-’.

7.1.4 Output file location in update mode

The result is written back to def.po.

‘--backup=control
Make a backup of def.po
‘--suffix=suffix
Override the usual backup suffix.

The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:

‘none’
‘off’
Never make backups (even if --backup is given).
‘numbered’
‘t’
Make numbered backups.
‘existing’
‘nil’
Make numbered backups if numbered backups for this file already exist, otherwise make simple backups.
‘simple’
‘never’
Always make simple backups.

The backup suffix is ‘~’, unless set with --suffix or the SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX environment variable.

7.1.5 Operation modifiers

‘-m’
‘--multi-domain’
Apply ref.pot to each of the domains in def.po.
‘-N’
‘--no-fuzzy-matching’
Do not use fuzzy matching when an exact match is not found. This may speed up the operation considerably.
‘--previous’
Keep the previous msgids of translated messages, marked with ‘#|’, when adding the fuzzy marker to such messages.

7.1.6 Input file syntax

‘-P’
‘--properties-input’
Assume the input files are Java ResourceBundles in Java .properties syntax, not in PO file syntax.
‘--stringtable-input’
Assume the input files are NeXTstep/GNUstep localized resource files in .strings syntax, not in PO file syntax.

7.1.7 Output details

‘--lang=catalogname
Specify the ‘Language’ field to be used in the header entry. See section 6.2 Filling in the Header Entry for the meaning of this field. Note: The ‘Language-Team’ and ‘Plural-Forms’ fields are left unchanged. If this option is not specified, the ‘Language’ field is inferred, as best as possible, from the ‘Language-Team’ field.
‘--color’
‘--color=when
Specify whether or when to use colors and other text attributes. See section 9.11.1 The --color option for details.
‘--style=style_file
Specify the CSS style rule file to use for --color. See section 9.11.3 The --style option for details.
‘--force-po’
Always write an output file even if it contains no message.
‘-i’
‘--indent’
Write the .po file using indented style.
‘--no-location’
Do not write ‘#: filename:line lines.
‘--add-location’
Generate ‘#: filename:line lines (default).
‘--strict’
Write out a strict Uniforum conforming PO file. Note that this Uniforum format should be avoided because it doesn't support the GNU extensions.
‘-p’
‘--properties-output’
Write out a Java ResourceBundle in Java .properties syntax. Note that this file format doesn't support plural forms and silently drops obsolete messages.
‘--stringtable-output’
Write out a NeXTstep/GNUstep localized resource file in .strings syntax. Note that this file format doesn't support plural forms.
‘-w number
‘--width=number
Set the output page width. Long strings in the output files will be split across multiple lines in order to ensure that each line's width (= number of screen columns) is less or equal to the given number.
‘--no-wrap’
Do not break long message lines. Message lines whose width exceeds the output page width will not be split into several lines. Only file reference lines which are wider than the output page width will be split.
‘-s’
‘--sort-output’
Generate sorted output. Note that using this option makes it much harder for the translator to understand each message's context.
‘-F’
‘--sort-by-file’
Sort output by file location.

7.1.8 Informative output

‘-h’
‘--help’
Display this help and exit.
‘-V’
‘--version’
Output version information and exit.
‘-v’
‘--verbose’
Increase verbosity level.
‘-q’
‘--quiet’
‘--silent’
Suppress progress indicators.


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